MGIDI-based selection and stability analysis of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) mutants under acidic soils using AMMI and GGE models

In the present study, 84 M₃ generation mungbean mutant families along with two controls/parents were evaluated for 10 morphological and a biochemical trait(s) during Zaid 2024 under acidic soils of Meghalaya. Based on phenotypic selection and MGIDI selection index, ten superior mutant families, namely, B1-8, A2-8, A1-5, B1-1, A1-10, A2-9, B1-12, B1-11, B2-12 and B1-13 were identified. The selected mutant lines were evaluated for single plant yield (SYP) at four different locations of Meghalaya, having highly acidic soil conditions with pH ranging from 4.80-5.12 during kharif2024. AMMI ANOVA revealed significant differences among the mutant lines, environments and mutant x environment interaction and most of the variation (65.78%) was accounted for by mutant lines, indicating the least influence of mutant x environment interaction. The mean SYP of tested genotypes involving ten mutant lines and two controls ranged from 3.12 g (Pusa 1431, control) to 10.37 g (A1-10, mutant) across the environments. The AMMI analysis also revealed that mutant line A1-10 showed higher SYP and accompanied with stable performance across the tested environments. The mutant lines, A1-10 in E1, E2 and E3; A2-8 in E1, E3 and E4 and B1-11 in E3 were found to be highly stable and gave the highest yield in their respective mega-environments. Out of four locations, E2 (NBPGR, Shillong) was the most discriminating and E3 (Farmers Field, Umeit) was the most representative to provide unbiased information about the performance of genotypes. Based on the mean vs stability graph, the mutant A1-10 stood out because of simultaneous high yield and high stability.