Epididymal Adenomatiod Tumor: A Report and Review of Literature

Adenomatoid tumors (ATs) are rare benign neoplasms that typically occur in the male and female genital tract. In men, the most common site of ATs is epididymis, testis and other paratesticular locations (tunica albugenia, spermatic cord and ejaculatory ducts). Among different theories proposed for its histogenesis, the most favored one seems to be the mesothelial origin, supported by different immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. ATs are invariably benign but due to variety of morphologic patterns observed, differential diagnosis of these tumors is quite extensive, ranging from benign to malignant tumors of both epithelial and stromal origin. ATs represent a diagnostic challenge due to their clinical findings and non-specific ultrasonography findings, which may result in unnecessary orchidectomies and loss of endogenous testosterone production and fertility potential at its fullest. Histopathological examination along with immunohistochemistry is diagnostic and conclusive for diagnosis of testicular and paratesticulartumor. Clinical outcome is excellent in all cases, with no published relapses, and follow-up by postoperative ultrasound is sufficient. Herein, we report a case of 45 year old male presented with gradually increasing swelling in right scrotum since 2 months. Ultrasonography revealed normal scan of testis. Clinical impression was of an epididymal cyst. Surgical excision was performed and histopathological examination along with immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of adenomatoid tumor of the epididymis. A brief review of the literature is also addressed, with a focus on histogenesis, clinicopathologic characteristics and differential diagnoses of these rare neoplasms.