Renal Function Tests and Serum Electrolytes in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Renal function tests and Serum electrolytes have been scarcely studied in acute Myocardial Infarction, which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world.

To study the renal function tests like blood urea and serum creatinine and serum electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus in patients of acute myocardial infarction.

A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on patients attending the emergency unit of SMI Hospital Dehradun for a period of 12 months from June 2017 to May 2018. A total of 76 cases (55 males and 21 females) with history of chest pain of more than 20 minutes, ST segment changes in ECG and elevated serum Troponin I were included in the study. Sixty control subjects (42 males and 18 females) which were age matched and without any myocardial disease were enrolled. Five ml of venous blood was drawn from the cases (within 6 hours of acute myocardial infarction) and controls and was subjected to Biochemical analysis such as blood urea, serum creatinine, serum sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus on fully automated analyzer, VITROS 5600 of Ortho Clinical Diagnostics. The data so obtained was statistically analyzed.

Blood urea and serum creatinine was significantly increased in cases of myocardial infarction as compared to controls. On the other hand, serum Sodium, Potassium and Calcium were found to be significantly lower in cases as compared to controls.

Presence of hyponatraemia, hypokalemia and hypocalcaemia with increased levels of blood urea and serum creatinine in acute myocardial infarction may act as prognostic markers of illness