Prevalence of Uropathogens and their Antibiotic susceptibility pattern among Diabetic group in a Tertiary care hospital, Tirupathi

Urinary tract infections are most common infections occurred and cause adverse effect in diabetic mellitus patients. Impairment in the immune system, poor metabolism control and incomplete bladder emptying due to autonomic neuropathy may contribute to enhanced risk of urinary tract infection in diabetic patients. The study was undergone to find out the prevalence and incidence of urinary tract infection among diabetic patients according to sex, age and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolates obtained.

Total cases of 250 diabetic patients were studied over a period of 6 months from November to April 2015. Diagnosis of diabetes was made based on the WHO Criteria. Mid stream samples were collected under aseptic precautions and were processed by using standard microbiological procedures. Urine samples were inoculated on Blood agar, MacConkey agar and Nutrient agar and growth characteristics were studies after 24 hrs of incubation. All culture positive isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity by modifies Kirby-Bauers method.

Among 250 samples 100 samples yielded growth. The isolates obtained were Escherichia coli (53%) the dominant isolate followed by Enterococcus faecalis (19%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (10%), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%), Staphylococcus aureus (3%), Proteus vulgaris (2%) Acinetobacter species (2%). The isolates were highly sensitive to, Amikacin, Imipenem, Nitrofurantoin and Pipercillin-Tazobactum.

Diabetic patients are at high risk of development of UTI. Continued surveillance of resistance rates among uropathogens is needed to ensure appropriate recommendation for the treatment of these infections.