As research and development India's HRD minister has recently told in the parliament (Winter Session 2011) that number of core researchers in India is 1.5 Lakhs as compared to China's 8–10 Lakhs. He also informed that R & D expenditure in India is 0.8% of GDP as compared to China's 1.4% of GDP. As per the Encyclopedia of Quantitative Trading Strategies, India has 156 researchers per million populations as against China's 1071. Teahnological achievement of China is 50% more than that of India, A patent application (Residents) in China is 9 more than in India.
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