Challenging Issues Before The Indian Political System: A Comprehensive Study of Socio-Economic Obstacles

The political system does not merely mean the formal Constitution but it includes besides Constitution other non-Constitutional elements such as political culture, etc. In fact, the Constitutional prescribes the legal framework of the political system. The political system results from the interaction of historical, social, economic and constitutional elements. Thus political system consists of both formal structures i.e. Constitution, and informal structures, i.e. political groups, socialization and culture. The Indian political system has also resulted from the interaction of formal Constitutional structures and historical, social and economic structures and processes; which provide the basic of the political system itself. The Preamble of the Constitution underlines the aims of the political system in India. After the commencement of the Constitution, various political parties and pressure groups emerging from the interaction between political dynamism and social cultural and economic context, have shaped and conditioned the behavioural formulations of Indian political system. Many attempts have been made through Constitutional Amendments from time to time to reshape and reorient the political system in desired directions; but its basic aims and objectives have not been tempered. The Indian political system has adhered to the parliamentary form of democracy which has been strengthened at various levels in last fifty years. India has moved from one party dominated political set up to a multi party set-up, influenced, to a great extent, by the increasing role of regional parties, giving rise, in the process, to political instability and coalition politics. Thus, the Indian political system is a dynamic political system generating new patterns and tendencies in its functioning.