Health Status and Perceived Needs of Homeless People-A Mixed Method Research

Homeless persons are-those who live in the open or roadside, pavements, under flyovers and staircases, or in the open places of worship, mandaps, railway platforms etc. In India around 78 million people are homeless. Among four states-Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh-account for about half the country's homeless population. Homelessness influences every facet of individual life. Hence the present communication was carried out with objective to assess the health status and perceived needs of homeless people.

A mixed method research, sequential research design was carried out among 30 homeless people at Rahata, Dist. Ahmednagar. The homeless person above 18 years of age was selected by using purposive sampling method. The semi structured interview technique was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics wherever required.

The results highlights that (27%) of them had physical injuries, (20%) had diabetes and visual problem respectively, while significant percent (10%) had respiratory problems. The overall mean health status score is (14.8±3.38) which is 41.1% of total score indicates the homeless person's had average health status. Majority (70%) felt the inadequate food is the prime reason for development of illness, while 13% felt poor environment is the cause, while (90%) did not have regular treatment for the illness. In relation to satisfaction to life, the mean score is (12.7±3.43) which is 36.37% of total score indicates homeless persons were dissatisfied with their lives. A moderately positive relationship (r=0.81) was found between health status and satisfaction with life.

The homeless peoples have variety of health problems, and dissatisfied with their life. Their perceived health needs are not fully met. There is a need for enhancement of health care services and rehabilitation facilities for the homeless people. Organize programs results in community reintegration and health seeking behaviors.