Residual deformities of zygomatic complex – diagnosis and treatment algorithm

Recognizing and restoring the premorbid form and function to patients with established deformities after craniofacial trauma is a formidable challenge. The factors that lead to persistent deformities after craniofacial trauma include severe comminution, lack of definitive treatment, non identification of fractures due to gross edema, excessively delayed initial treatment, inadequate initial surgical repair. These deformed bony fragments provide a faulty foundation which leads to malocclusion and disrupt the harmony of the overlying soft tissues. Hence, weak bony support will lead to the collapse and cicatricial loss of soft-tissue volume and loss of contours. Abnormal contours that result from intact but improperly located bone segments are best corrected by refracture osteotomies, anatomic reduction and fixation etc. So, our basic approach is to restore the proper facial projection and height along with the-harmonious occlusion. This article presents a review of the evaluation of these deformities in the craniofacial region and particularly useful techniques for their correction.