1Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore
2Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Mysore Medical College Research Institute, Mysore
3Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Mysore Medical College Research Institute, Mysore
*Corresponding author: Riyanka Chail, MD Physiology, Assistant Professor, Dept of Physiology, BGS GIMS, Bangalore, Karnataka
Online published on 2 August, 2016.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common progressive disease and one of the major causes of blindness as well as visual morbidity in not only developed countries but also in developing countries like India1. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken to review the relationship between intraocular pressure in normal subjects and in T2DM - with and without Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). The patients are of a known duration of diabetes mellitus comprising of an age group of 40–70 years.
To compare the intraocular pressure between normal subjects and patients having Type 2 diabetes.
To compare the intraocular pressure between T2DM patients of known duration of diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy (proliferative and non proliferative) and those without diabetic retinopathy.
Total 104 subjects were considered of ages 40 -70 years and were divided under various groups.
Control Group: Group A (30) Healthy volunteers. 1Study groups with Type 2 Diabetes: Group B (30 without retinopathy, Group C (30) with non proliferative diabetic retinopathy and Group D (14) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 1
Intraocular pressure was measured using iCare tonometer and Indirect Ophthalmoscopy using an ophthalmoscope. The readings were taken between 9:00 am to 11:00 am. 1Statistical analysis was done using spss 16.0 by descriptive analysis, one way anova and univariate anova analysis, scheffe's test.
The mean IOP in the left and right eye is higher in type 2 diabetics without diabetic retinopathy than non diabetic population but not statistically significant (p>0.05). The mean IOP is however lesser in Group C than when compared to group B and the mean IOP is higher in Group D as compared to Group C. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
The study suggests that Intraocular pressure was found to be greater in diabetic population than the non diabetic population. The reason could be due to accumulation of fibronectin material in the trabecular meshwork tissue. As diabetes progresses, the intraocular pressure was found to be lesser in non proliferative diabetic retinopathy and increased in proliferative diabetic retinopathy as compared to the former but not statistically significant.
Intraocular Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, NPDR, PDR
