International Journal of Physiology

  • Year: 2017
  • Volume: 5
  • Issue: 2

Alterations in the Vascular Physiology of Young Adults with Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

  • Author:
  • S Kanimozhi1,, KN Poornima2, S Meenakshi3, G Prakash4, R Balaji5, S Anandhalakshmi6, A Saravanan7
  • Total Page Count: 6
  • Page Number: 189 to 194

1Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

2Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

3Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

4Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

5Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

6Professor, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

7Professor & Head, Department of Physiology, SRM Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Potheri, Kattankulathur, India

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly from cardiovascular diseases. Family history of diabetes appears to increase the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), even in non-diabetic subjects. They are insulin resistant and carry a risk of premature atherosclerosis, the extent of which can be estimated by measuring the carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT).

To compare the CIMT in offsprings with (FH+) of T2DM and offsprings without (FH−) of T2DM. Subjects in both groups are apparently healthy individuals with no known cardiovascular risk factors.

We studied 69 young (18–25 years), adult offsprings with (FH+) of T2DM and 50 control subjects without (FH−) of T2DM (age, sex, BMI and blood pressure matched). A FH+ of T2DM was defined as having one or both parents with type 2 diabetes. All subjects underwent high resolution B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation of common carotid artery intima-media thickness. Plasma glucose and lipid profile were measured after an overnight fast of 10–12 hours.

Compared to controls, subjects with FH+ had increased CIMT, (0.46 mm ± 0.01 Vs 0.56 mm ± 0.01, P<0·001). Metabolic parameters were within normal limits and there was no statistical difference among both groups. Pearson's correlation established a significant and stronger association between CIMT and metabolic variables (fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol) only among FH+ subjects.

These results suggest that a genetic predisposition to T2DM may accelerate the development of atherosclerosis and increase the risk for CHD.

Keywords

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, carotid artery intima media thickness, blood glucose