Etiological Profile of Azoospermic Patients attending Male Biological Reproductive Unit of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram (Maharashtra), India

The term “Azoospermia” is defined as the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate, is identified in approximately 1% of all men and in 10 to 15% of infertile males. The semen analysis should be performed according to the 2010 WHO guidelines, and at least two semen samples obtained more than two weeks apart should be examined.

The present cross sectional hospital based study was conducted in reproductive biology unit of department of physiology, MGIMS, Sewagram (M.S.) India, during study period September 2011 to August 2013. Subjects belonged to age group of 21 to 45 year. The semen samples were obtained from male partner (referred from gynecology department) of infertile couples attending the reproductive biology unit. 90 freshly diagnosed patients were selected for study. The patients were interviewed about their case histories, their reproductive problems, and their family background. All WHO Guidelines was strictly fallowed so that identity of subject should not be revealed. In subject with absence of spermatozoa in semen three consecutive semen analysis were performed at an interval of one month each.

The prevalence rate of Azoospermic patient was found to be 19.90%. We observed that out of 90 azoospermic patients, 40% of patient was of Obstructive Azoospermia and remaining 60% was of Non-Obstructive Azoospermia. We found that the most common aetiology of obstruction was Epididymal cyst (23 patients), contributing 63.89% to its aetiology. Most common aetiology of Non-obstruction was Varicocele (23 patients) contributing 42.59%.

The current study highlighted the etiological spectrum of azoospermia cases.