III vitro Callogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Anther Culture in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Anther or microspore culture is one of the efficient techniques for in vitro plant regeneration and has been exploited for haploid breeding. GG 2, a cultivated genotype of species Arachis hypogaea L. sub sp. fastigiata var. vulgaris was tested for in vitro callogenesis from anther and regeneration of anther derived calli. Callogenesis from anther starts four to five days after culturing. Callogenesis ranged from 31.5% to 91.2% in MS media with different combinations of growth regulators. Maximum callogenesis observed in medium containing MS salts with vitamins of B5+12.36 μM NAA+2.22 μM BAP+87.64 μM sucrose and 0.8% agar (m/v). Somatic embryos were induced from anther callus in medium containing half strength MS salts with vitamins of B5+2.47 μM NAA+6.66 μM BAP+87.64 μM sucrose and 0.8% agar. Regenerated plants were confirmed as diploid (2n=4x=40) by root tip analysis indicating that plants developed either from sporophytic tissue or diploidization.