Importance of Seed Traits in Processing Germplasm Collections: A Case Study of Chickpea Genetic Resources at ICRISAT

Seed traits like color, shape, size, weight, surface projections and texture determine the type and quality of storage containers, drying behavior, and germination testing and packaging procedures for germplasm conservation. We studied the seed traits on 65 chickpea germplasm accessions and observed significant differences across traits and association with other related parameters. Seed moisture content differed significantly with seed coat color, surface texture and shape. Large Kabuli types and seeds with smooth surface texture have better drying features; however, had deleterious effects on seed quality. Hard-seededness was strongly associated with moisture content, seed types, color and seed coat thickness. Desi type chickpeas were superior to Kabuli and intermediate types with respect to seed germination. The results provide a basis for identifying chickpea types requiring additional care during seed processing and identifying germplasm with desirable seed traits for utilization in research.