Investigating the Genetic and Agronomic Factors Influencing Yield in Clustered Spikelets Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

In the present study, 32 rice genotypes with clustered spikelets, along with 4 checks, were evaluated for a total of 14 yield and yield attributing traits were evaluated at the Research cum Instructional farm IGKV, Raipur (C.G.) in Kharif 2023 under RCBD design. The aim was to estimate genetic variability and associations for yield traits across 36 lines. A total of 14 yield and yield-attributing traits were evaluated. Among the traits like filled grains per panicle, total grains per plant, biological yield, harvest index, 100-grain weight, primary and secondary branches per panicle, grains per cluster, and grain yield per plant had high PCV, GCV, h², and GAM. Traits like effective tiller, spikelet fertility, biological yield, 100-grain weight, and harvest index positively correlated with grain yield. Selecting these traits and parents from clusters I and III, which had the highest inter-cluster distance, will enhance yield. PCA identified genotypes like Hathi panjara, Naykain jhaba, Amajhopa, Ganga dhara, Tuphi bora-1, Haruna luchai, Amaruthi, Nariyal phool-1, Chhind guchchhi, Kalinga, Khajur jhopa, Gadakhuta, and Nariyal phool-2 as donor parents for specific traits.