Distribution, domestication and diversity of cucumis species complex in Indian sub-continent

The sub-continent of India is considered to be the place of origin for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) and a centre of diversity for melon (C. melo L). Centres of origin and diversity have long been regarded as valuable sources of both biotic and abiotic plant stresses. A large number of variants are cultivated traditionally in different parts of India, which may have evolved through natural and human selection aided by repeated introgression from wild forms. An account of distribution, of Cucumis species complex including wild relatives and their domestication and diversity mainly in Indian sub-continent has been reviewed. Crop variability, genetic erosion status and priorities for Cucumis species collection in India and elsewhere are also discussed.