Effect of Fusariumgraminarum Silver Nanoparticles on IL-10 and IFN-γ cytokines in Mice after Infected by Leishmaniadonovani

Leishmaniasis remains one of the fatal diseases worldwide, and the conventional antileishmanial therapies are toxic and most are expensive. Biological silver nanoparticles possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and could be a future alternative to current antimicrobial agents. In the present study an approach was made to synthesize silver nanoparticles using a Fusariumgraminarum fungus. To investigates the efficiency of silver nanoparticles against Leishmaniadonovani compared with pentostam drug in vivo by measuring the levels of immune cytokines (IL-10 and IFN-γ) in serum infected mice and treated with AgNPs (0.1 ml/day) and comparisons with pentostam drug (0.01/day) after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. The results showed that the level of IFN-γ in grouptreated with AgNPs increased significantly in third weeks, compared withpentostamgroup. While treated the infected mice withpentostam/AgNPs together, gradualdecreaseoccured in the level of IFN-γ in all groups, compared with negative control. Also a significant increaseoccurs in the IL-10 level within 21days when mice were treated with AgNPs compared with pentostam.