Effects of Multimicronutrient and IFA Supplementation in Preconception Period Against Birth Length and Birth Weight: A Randomized, Double Blind Controlled Trial in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi

The beneficial effects of MMN and Iron Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation on pregnancy outcomes is still debatable. The objective of this study is to know the effect of IFA and MMN supplementation since preconception period on pregnancy outcomes. Multimicronutrient deficiencies may contribute to low birth weight and birth length which is associated with increased risk of infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries.

The research was conducted in three sub-districts of Banggai district, namely, Luwuk, North Luwuk, and South Luwuk. This was a double blind study, randomized controlled trial, providing multimicronutrient for women from preconception period using prospective design with saturated sampling technique. A total of 19 preconception women followed until pregnancy and look at the pregnancy outcomes were enrolled from September 2016 to Januari 2018. 

The mean birth weight of infants born to pregnant women in the MMN group was heavier at 3142.5 g with a value (p= 0.001). LBW percentage of pregnant women MMN group was smaller, equal to 8.3% with value (p=0, 863). The average length of infant born to pregnant women in MMN group was longer, 49, 5 cm with value (p=0, 001). Short birth length (<48 cm) of pregnant mother MMN group smaller, equal to 41, 7% with value (p=0, 515).

Pregnant women who get MMN intervention produce better pregnancy outcomes. The nutritional status of women before pregnancy is very important to achieve mother and fetal welfare and also considered as the most important thing for governing fetal growth.