Comparison of Self-Directed Video and Simulation Method on First Aid Knowledge among Indonesian Students: A Randomized Control Trial

Injuries are a health issue that needs quick treatment and relates to the high number of mortality and morbidity. School-age is one of the most vulnerable groups of injuries due to the low level of understanding about hazard and first aid concepts. The solution required is the importance of initiating first aid education for students. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of self-directed and simulation method in increasing first aid knowledge among students. This study used randomized-postest control group design. The population of this study was students aged 13–14 years old coming from two different schools in Jember, East Java, Indonesia. 80 respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique, then divided into two groups: self-directed video and simulation method. Data of the knowledge variable was collected for 7 days after administering the treatment using a questionnaire. The collected data of this study were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test (α = 0.05) with SPSS 20 program. There was significant difference in first aid knowledge between two groups before and after treatment. Both groups showed the increasing of first aid knowledge, where score of self directed video group was (from 8.43 ± 1.430 to 12.5 ± 1.432, p = 0.000) and score of simulation group was (from 7.95 ± 1.50 to 11.90 ± 1.21, p = 0.000). Furthermore, the comparison results of the knowledge among two groups showed that a mean difference in the self-directed video group = 4.07 while the simulation group = 3.95 (p = 0.022). It means that there was a significant difference in knowledge between the self-directed video and simulation method, with a higher difference of self directed video methods of 4.07. The self directed video method showed better results in increasing knowledge among students aged 13–14 compared to the simulation method after 7 days follow up.