The Investigation of Biochemical Parameters and Alteration of Fatty Acid Metabolism Genes From Diabetes Individuals

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by absolute or relative insufficiencies in insulin secretion and/or its action associated with chronic hyperglycemia and disturbed carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism.

This case control study was conducted involving 20 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 20 healthy individuals. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for study the expression profile of fatty acid metabolism genes.

In this case control study, involved twenty diabetes (T2DM) individuals and twenty healthy controls. The serum was subjected for different biochemical assays and molecular study include an expression profile of fatty acid metabolism genes.

Diabetes patients showed a significant increase (P≤0.001) in fasting serum glucose than healthy control. Serum total cholesterol (P≤0.01), triglyceride (P≤0.001) and VLDL (P≤0.001) was increased significantly in diabetes patients as compared to healthy individuals. However, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were decreased. Liver enzymes such as SGOT and SGPT (P≤0.001) along with kidney markers creatinine and urea (P≤0.01) were increased in diabetes patients as compared to healthy individuals. The Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SERBP-1c) expression was found to be upregulated in the diabetic condition. Hence, the genes regulated by SREBP-1c i.e. fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-Coa carboxylase (ACC) was also found to be upregulated.

The expression profiles of PBMCs can be applied for the study of quantitative differences and similarities between T2DM patients and non-diabetic individuals. This leads to contribute with new perspectives for a better understanding of the disease.