The Effect of Indomethacin and Ambon Banana Stem Extract (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) on ileum Histopathology of indomethacin-induced Rats (Rattus novergicus)

Indomethacin belongs to Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug (NSAID), used for fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and post-surgical medicaments. Indomethacin is known to have an inflammatory side-effect on the ileum. The flavonoid in ethanol extract of Ambon banana stem (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) had the possibility to be used as a therapy.

This research was aimed to analyze the effect of combining indomethacin and banana stem extract Ambon in the improvement of histopathological imaging of the white rat ileum.

A dose of 3.15 mg/kg indomethacin was given per oral. This experiment used male rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 8–12 weeks, weighing 150 grams, that were divided into five experimental groups, those were control-rats, Indomethacin-induced rats, and a group of Ambon banana stem extract with a dose of P1=100 mg/kg, P2=300 mg/kg, P3=400 mg/kg. Each ileum specimen was processed and the histopathological changes were observed. A score of submucosal edema, PMN infiltration, the number of goblet cell, epithelial integrity as qualitative data were analyzed with Kruskal Wallis test continued by Mann Whitney test.

The result of the study showed that ethanol extract of Ambon banana stem could repair the damage of ileum histopathology (p<0, 05). The administration of indomethacin at 400mg/kg dose showed the best result of histopathological imaging of ileum improvement.

Ambon banana stem extract can repair damage due to indomethacin side-effect of the ileum. Ileum histopathological repair was marked by improvements in epithelial cells of the ileum.