A Study on Indications of Thyroid Surgery among the Patients of Hyperthyroid Abnormality Attending General Surgery OPD of ASRAM Hospital, Andhra Pradesh

The burden of thyroid disease in general population is enormous. It is the most common endocrinal disease in India. The history of thyroid surgery dates back thousands of years but the development leading to contemporary era began just over a century. The first thyroid surgery for treatment of goiter was done by Rogerfrugardi in 1170. Turning point for thyroid surgery came at the end of nineteenth century when Kocher developed innovative operative techniques. He was awarded Nobel Prize in the year 1909. Because of his operative techniques mortality declined to 1%.

1. To know the different indications for thyroid surgery. 2. To know the out come and complications of thyroid surgery. 3. To find the demographic variables in the hyperthyroid patients.

The present Hospital based cohort study was conducted at Alluri Sita Rama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru with the help of Community Medicine staff and General Surgery staff during the period from February 2010 to August 2010. A total of 33 hyperthyroid population was gathered and were interviewed with pre structured questionnaire and using stratified random sampling method. Data was analyzed with SPSS 17.0 version and necessary statistical tests like percentages were applied.

In the study group, out of 33 hyperthyroid patients, about 39.4% were from adenoma thyroid condition, 21.2% were unilateral goitre, 15.2% were from bilateral multinodular, 15.2% were from cystic nodule, 6% were from cystic adenoma and lastly 3% were from follicular variety. About 87.8% were females and 12.2% were males. Nearly 18.2% were below 18 years age, 69.6% were in the age group of 19–49 years and lastly 12.2% were in the age group of more than 50 years of age. 90.9% were from below poverty line economic status and 9.1% were from above poverty line economic status. About 45.4% were underwent subtotal thyroidectomy, 39.4% were underwent hemi thyroidectomy and only 15.2% were underwent total thyroidectomy for various hyperthyroid indications. Post operatively nobody developed significant complications.

Based on the above results, even hyperthyroid condition was more common in females and peak incidence between 19–49 yrs of age group. Before thyroid surgery all the hyperthyroid patients were brought to euthyroid condition and within 10 days after surgery again thyroid profile was checked. Of which, majority were euthyroid condition with thyroxin hormone, less proportion were with hypothyroid condition and hyperthyroid condition. Nobody developed common complication of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and thyroid storm complications etc. Again after 6 months following surgery, thyroid profile to be checked and to be followed.