1Asst Professor, Dept. of General Surgery, SSIMS & RC, Davanagere, Karnataka
2Senior Registrar, Dept of Urology, GSMC & KEM Hospital, Mumbai
3Junior Resident, Dept of Community Medicine, JJM Medical College, Davanagere
4Professor, Dept of General Surgery, JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, U.P.
Online published on 6 November, 2014.
To study the prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and associated risk factors in patients undergoing elective surgery.
This is a prospective observational study. A total of 225 patients above 16 years of age undergoing elective surgery in JNMC, Aligarh from October 2006 to October 2008 were selected for the study and screened for HIV, Hepatitis B and C, and detailed history was taken to find out the risk factors.
A total 225 patients were screened including 175 (77.7%) were male and 50 (22.3%) female patients. Out of 225, 19 (8.4%) patients were positive either for HIV, HBV or HCV. 15(6.6%) were positive for HBV, 3(1.3%) were positive for HCV and 1(0.4%) was positive for HIV. The most common agent turned out to be HBV occurring in 79% followed by HCV in 16% and HIV in 5% of all seropositive patients. Blood transfusion in 11(57.8%), frequent injections either intravenous or intramuscular in 10(52.5%) followed by previous surgery in 9(47.2%) were the most common risk factors among seropositives. About 7(36.7%) gave history of sexual exposure, 6(31.5%) had history of tooth extraction or dental procedures. Visit to barber for shaving and haircut was found in 5(36.2%) patients.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B is more common than Hepatitis C and HIV in elective surgical patients with unknown seropositive state in our country. Pre operative screening for HIV, HBV and HCV in elective surgical cases should be done for higher risk group. Public awareness on modes of transmission has to be increased through Health Education and mass media.
HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Elective Surgery
