Prevalence of Complications of Diabetes Mellitus Type II in Patients aged more than 30 Years in Kanyakumari District

The world today faces the crisis of a twin epidemic of diabetes and obesity together termed as diabesity which indeed is the biggest challenge for this century. Permanent disability is the most common outcome of Diabetes.

To estimate the prevalence of complications of diabetes type II among patients aged more than 30 years attending medical OP who are diabetic for more than 3 years.

A cross sectional hospital based study was conducted in the department of general medicine of our college from May 27^th 2011 to August 23^rd 2011 among 400 diabetics aged greater than 30 years. This was followed by clinical examination, anthropometry, fundoscopy, lab investigation collected from records. Diabetes mellitus was defined as per American Diabetic Association. Statistical data analysis was done using the SPSS software (PASW 18.0 version). RESULT: The prevalence of complication of diabetes type II in the study group was neuropathy (40%), CAD (23%), PVD (23%), Retinopathy (11%) and Stroke (8%). Prevalence of DKA, CAD, stroke, PVD and retinopathy were seen more in uncontrolled diabetics. Prevalence of stroke, DKA and CAD were found more in non-exercising and sedentary workers. Majority of CAD patients were hypertensive. Incidence of CAD and retinopathy increases with increase in duration of diabetes mellitus. Diabetics with family history of diabetes mellitus were more prone to develop retinopathy.

In our study, prevalence of micro vascular complications (neuropathy) was found to be higher when compared to macro vascular complication. Age, physical inactivity, strong family history of diabetes and history of hypertension were considered to be strong risk factors.