A Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Diabetics and Non Diabetics among Bagalkot Population

Persons with diabetes mellitus are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. They have more than 2-fold increased risk for cardiovascular death compared with persons without diabetes. The present study was conducted to know the pattern of lipid abnormalities in patients with diabetes mellitus and compare it with healthy controls.

100 known cases of diabetes mellitus (50 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 50 patients with type 2diabetes mellitus) of either gender and 50 healthy age and sex matched controls were enrolled in the study. All the subjects were evaluated for fasting blood glucose and lipid profile (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratio). The parameters obtained were analysed statistically using student‘t’ test.

In the study there was a significant increase in the fasting blood glucose and lipid profile parameters-TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratio in diabetics compared to healthy controls(P<0.001). There was statistically significant decrease in levels of HDL-C in diabetic subjects compared to controls. The increase blood glucose leads to increased production of triglycerides (TG). This leads to increased production of VLDL-C and LDL-C.

Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia are the main lipid abnormalities in diabetes which is risk for coronary artery disease. So early detection and correction of these abnormalities with diet and therapy reduces the morbidity and mortality associated with it.