A Study on Correlation of Glycemic Control with Serum Lipid Profile and Lipid Ratios among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Diabetic dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Dyslipidemia in diabetes is manifested as elevated Triglycerides, LDL Cholesterol and decreased HDL Cholesterol levels.

The present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Glycated hemoglobin (HbA₁c) in predicting diabetic dyslipidemia. Clinically diagnosed cases of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients, within the age group of 25–70 years were included in the study. These patients were categorized into two groups. A number of forty known diabetic patients with good glycemic control (HbA₁c value < 8.0%) were included under Group B and another forty known diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (HbA₁c value >8.0%) were included under Group C. Age and sex matched non diabetic subjects, forty in number, were taken as a control group (Group A), thus making a total sample of 120.

In our study, the values of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDLc & VLDL levels showed statistically significant increase in Group-C (poor glycemic control) when compared to other groups. The study also found strong positive correlation of increased HbA₁c with Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDLc and VLDL. It was also observed that there was positive correlation between HbA₁c and Lipid Ratios (TC/HDLc & LDLc/HDLc). HbA₁c showed a negative correlation with HDLc. Thus the study finds that HbA₁c value can be used as a potential marker for glycemic control and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.