Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India
Online published on 29 December, 2017.
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global health burden. With urbanization, the burden of rapid increase of non-communicable disease such as T2DM has been observed in the recent years in India. T2DM remains asymptomatic and thus delays the actual diagnosis of the disease. MicroRNAs are the non-coding RNAs emerged as the post transcriptional regulators of gene expression and expressed differently under different pathophysiological conditions. They are remarkably stable in body fluids such as whole blood, plasma and serum. Recent evidences indicated that microRNAs are the potent micro-regulators of β-cell functions. The previous studies reported altered microRNA profiles in blood samples of T2DM patients than that of healthy individuals. The differential expression patterns of microRNAs have been reported in the blood samples of prediabetic, newly diagnosed T2DM patients and T2DM individuals. This novel class of non-coding RNA molecules can be considered as the clinically relevant biomarkers to detect diabetes in high risk population. The circulatory microRNAs can be used as novel biomarkers of T2DM and can be used to detect at prediabetic stage. This review aimed to summarize an account of circulatory microRNAs associated with T2DM.
Biomarkers, β cell, Circulating microRNAs, Type 2 diabetes
