Pharmacological Activities: Hepatoprotective, Cardio Protective, Anti-cancer and Anti-Microbial Activity of (Raphanus Raphanistrum Subsp. Sativus): A review

The radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe in pre-Roman times. The root is best harvested before the plant flowers. Its use is not recommended if the stomach or intestines are inflamed. The leaves, seeds and old roots are used in the treatment of asthma and other chest complaints. The juice of the fresh leaves is diuretic and laxative. The seed is carminative, diuretic, expectorant, laxative and stomachic. It is taken internally in the treatment of, abdominal bloating, wind, acid regurgitation, diarrhea and bronchitis. The root is antiscorbutic, antispasmodic, astringent, cholagogue, and diuretic. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides in plants have most commonly been discovered in seeds where they accumulate to high level and may also function as storage proteins. The crude water extract of seed inhibited moderate antifungal activity while showed highest antibacterial activity against Hafnia alvei and Enterobacter agglomerans exhibited. It has been observed that rude water extract posses highest antibacterial activity. Crude water extract showed significant inhibition against some fungal strain like Spadicoides stoveri and Paecilomyces variotii while some fungal strain having insignificant inhibition.