The Study on Thyroid Status among Newborns in Gautam Budha Nagar District in India

Iodine is an essential micro nutrient for the production of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Micronutrient deficiencies, more commonly referred to as “hidden hunger”, form a significant component of burden of malnutrition worldwide, so more in developing countries like India. Deficiencies of iodine, iron, folic acid, vitamin A and zinc are the leading five causes of micronutrient deficiencies which constitute a global public health problem. A pregnant woman needs more iodine for normal metabolism as well as for the requirements of T4 and iodide transfer to the fetus.

To study the serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in neonates and assess the sex differences in thyroid function.

The mean serum levels of TSH were higher in females and the significant differences were observed in serum TSH between males and females neonates of the study area.

The present study underlines the importance of new born screening for thyroid dysfunction. The high reported prevalence of congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) in our country due to the lack of international standardization. To actual manifestation of CH in India need to screen more population, helps in making a more precise evaluation of thyroid status in neonates. Most of the laboratories monitoring in infancy is essential to ensure optimal neurocognitive outcome. Serum TSH and free T4 should be measured every 1–2 months in the first 6 months of life and every 3–4 months thereafter. In general, the prognoses of newborns detected CH by screening and get the treatment as early as possible.