Global impact of Puccinia and Leptosphaerulina strains in various host-Review

As per International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (Andhra Pradesh, India) important crops grown in the Indo-Gangetic Plain region of South Asia are rice (Oryza sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), black gram (Vigna mungo L.) Hepper), mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Most important cereals of India like Moong bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and Khesari (Lathyrus sativus, L.lathyrus) are greatly affected by Leptosphaerulina trifolii.

The North West Plain Zone is the most important wheat growing area of India and 10.0 million hectares under wheat is the back-bone of the country's food security system. Since the appearance of a new virulence of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Uganda in the year 1999, popularly called as Ug99 was widely exposed as a threat to Indian wheat production and to India's food security, a detailed epidemiological study on the relevance of Ug99 to the North West Plain Zone of India was conducted. Apart from this Barley and ground nut (Arachis hypogaea L.) are affected by various Puccinia strains such as Puccinia sorghi, Puccinia triticina, Puccinia polysora in which most commonly found is Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici.