An Empirical Analysis of Agriculture Sector in India since 1970s

India is the third largest producer of agriculture products by value, preceding China and United States. This sector fulfills about 50 to 60 percent of the potential yields for most of the crops given the agro climatic conditions in India. The objective of the study is to analyse the agriculture production as well as growth trend of the factor inputs in India with effect from 1970 to 2011. Also the impact of various factors on the output level is also being considered. The annual growth rate of agricultural labour is 1.3 percent whereas the population growth in India since 1980 is approximately 2.00 percent. The rate of growth of agricultural machinery in India is 0.03 percent per year. As various factors of production in the Indian agriculture sector have been analyzed, it has been observed that food grain production has increased manifold to feed the increasing population. The major increase is due to the mechanization of agriculture, use of high yielding varieties of seeds, innovative technology, and robust machinery.