Disparities of sex ratio in Maharashtra State of India

The aim of the paper is to study of sex ratio in Maharashtra state with the help of decennial census report of the Government of India and investigates the current trends of sex ratio. The sex ratio is usually defined as the number of females per thousand males in India. The sex ratio needs special mention for it is one of the related aspects of the socio-economic characteristics. It plays the pivotal role in assessing the reproductive performances, mortality, occupational structure and the migratory character of the population. There are many ups and downs in sex ratio over a period of time in 1901 to 2011. Some of the reasons commonly put forward to explain the consistently low levels of sex ratio are neglect of the girl child resulting in higher mortality at younger age, high maternal mortality, sex selective abortions, female infanticide.

There were 984 females for every thousand males in the World in 2011. Europe had the highest sex ratio followed by North America and Africa. Asia, on the other hand, had the largest deficiency of females. India, there were 933 females for every thousand males in India, which increased to 940 in 2011. The country's sex ratio has declined from 934 in 1981 to 927 in 1991. In west Maharashtra has high sex ratio in comparison to other part of Maharashtra. The tribal belt of Maharashtra is characterized by high sex ratio. Highly urbanized districts of Maharashtra is Mumbai, Mumbai suburban and Thane (832, 860 and 886 females per thousand male) distributed sporadically also had a low sex ratio. In India urban sex ratio of 1901 censs was 910 and 2011 are 926 females, whereas urban Maharashtra sex ratio was 862 in 1901 and which was increase slightly up to 899 females per 1000 males in 2011. We found lot of variation in rural and urban sex ratio in Maharashtra state.