Haemato-biochemical changes after epidural administration of tramadol in combination of lignocaine in goats

A study was conducted on 12 clinically healthy goats of either sex of 1–2 year of age and weighing between 12–15 kg to find out the effect of lignocaine with or without tramadol on haemato-biochemical profiles. Lignocaine hydrochloride 2% (@ 4 mg/kg bwt) was administered at lumbosacral space in Gr-I, whereas, lignocaine hydrochloride (@ 4 mg/kg bwt) in combination with tramadol hydrochloride (@ 1 mg/kg bwt) was administered in Gr-II. Hyperglycaemia was observed in both the groups following administration of drugs. The level of glucose in Gr-II increased significantly (P<0.05) at 2 h of observation as compared to the base value. Other biochemical characters viz. alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, total serum protein, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine level varied nonsignificantly at different intervals of observation within and between groups. It is concluded that lignocaine alone and incombination with tramadol did not produce any deleterious effect on vital systems of the body after lumbosacral epidural analgesia in goats. Hence, lignocaine alone as well as in combination is effective for producing better epidural analgesia with least side effects, however, use of lignocaine alone is cost-effective.