Effect of piperine on pharmacokinetic profile of marbofloxacin following repeated administration in goats

A study was aimed to evaluate the effect of piperine co-administration on the pharmacokinetic profile of marbofloxacin following repeated administrations in healthy female goats (12 to 15 months-old). A two-period and two treatments cross-over design was used with washout period of 21 days, such that each of six goats received both treatments (i) marbofloxacin intramuscular (i/m) @ 2 mg/kg body weight and (ii) marbofloxacin, i/m + piperine per os @15 mg/kg body weight before marbofloxacin administration, daily for 5 days. On day 5, there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in C_max (maximum plasma concentration) from 1.83±0.03 to 2.06±0.04 μg/ml with decreased T_max (time taken to attain maximum plasma concentration) from 1.00±0.00 to 0.67±0.10 h in marbofloxacin + piperine treated goats. Highervalues of area under curve (AUC 0-_∞) (9.88± 0.63 μg/ml.h) and mean residence time (MRT) (5.93±0.34 h) in the marbofloxacin + piperine-treated goats than only marbofloxacin treatedgoats (AUC 0-_∞:8.70±0.35 μg/ml.h, MRT: 4.68±0.12 h) indicated enhanced systemic availability ofmarbofloxacin following piperine co-administration. The elimination half-life (t1/2elm) of marbofloxacin was increased significantly (p<0.05) in the marbofloxacin + piperine-treated goats (4.11±0.24 h)compared to only marbofloxacin treated goats (3.24±0.09 h). Basedon pharmacokineticpharmacodynamic (PK-PD) integration, effective dosage of marbofloxacin against susceptible microorganism was little lower following piperine co-administration than marbofloxacin alone. The study suggests higher marbofloxacin residue levels in goats when co-administered with piperine followingrepeatedadministrations withalteration in withdrawal periods.