Comparative physicochemical profile of goat ghee with cow and buffalo ghee

A study was conducted to compare the physicochemical profile of goat ghee with cow and buffalo ghee obtained from Amreli region of Saurashtra (Gujarat). Mean yield (%) was lowest for goat ghee (2.35) followed by cow (3.71) and buffalo (5.35) ghee. Goat ghee had significantly (P<0.05) higher Polenske (mg KOH/g) and saponification values (mg KOH/g) (4.43 and 277.83) as compared to cow (1.87 and 228.11) and buffalo (1.53 and 219.95) ghee. Apparent solidification time (AST, min: sec), complete liquefaction time (CLT, min: sec) and crystallization time (min: sec) for goat ghee were 5:12, 3:11and 9:23, respectively. The corresponding values were 3:17, 2:24 and 11:38 for cow and 3:08, 2:38 and 16:30 for buffalo ghee, respectively. The density (g/ml) of goat ghee was lower (0.927) as compared cow (0.941) and buffalo (0.935) ghee. Hunter colour lab analysis showed white to greenish hue in buffalo ghee, yellowish hue in cow ghee and white with a lesser yellow tint in goat ghee. A clear differentiation between goat, cow and buffalo ghee was recorded based on higher Polenske value, saponification value, AST and CLT in goat ghee.