Impact of Black T Supra on Haematology of Albino Rats

The toxic haematological effects of carpet dye Black T Supra on various hematological parameters were evaluated in Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout) following oral exposure at sublethal dose of this dye (20 mg/kg of body weight per day) for different periods. Exposure to this dye decreased haemoglobin content from 17 to 12.6 percentage, RBC from 6.5 to 2.88 x 10⁶ per cmm., PCV from 54 to 34.5 percentage at the end of 90 days, HCV from 83.07 to76.10 c.(i. at the end of 30 days and MCHC after 90 days from 31.48 to 23.33 as compared to control. However, an increase was observed in MCV from 83.07 to 187.5 c.(i. after 30 days up to 120 days, MCHC from 31.48 to 37.10 percentage up to 90 days and MCH from 26.15 to 43.75 pg. PCV become constant after 90 days. Leukocyte count increases up to 90 days from 10.0 x 10³ per cmm to 16.28 x 10³ per cmm and decreased to 6.65 x 10³ per cmm after 120 days. This caused haemocytic anemia, leucopenia, monocytosis, neutropenia showing declined immunity. The hypoglycemia, hypocholesteremia and increase in blood urea indicating renal failure. The stress inhibits erythropoiesis due to destruction of erythrocytes, haemopoietic tissue and haemodilution causing reduction of O₂ consumption leading to the death of animals. Hypoglycemia is an indicator of physiological stress and impaired liver function and may be due to rapid utilization of blood glucose during hyperexcitability. The hypocholesteremia may inhibit conversion of esterified cholesterol to the free form.