Conservation and Restoration Strategies for Sustainable Use of Degraded Terrestrial Ecosystem of Central India

Rapid destruction of forest in the region is due to more human activity and grazing, browsing by animals. For the conservation of soil, water & nutrient from the ravine area Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia nilotica, Acacia arabica, Azadirachta indica, Albizia lebbeck, Dendrocalamus strictus, Capparis aphylla, Capparis sepiaria, Salvadora oleiodes have been found to be most suitable species for conservation of the habitat. The species of Capparis and Salvadora oleiodes are most fit for deep ravines area and on shallow undulating bed Acacia catechu, Azadirachta indica, Dalbergia sissoo are most promising by ban of grazing and human interference in the habitat resulted in the quantitative and qualitative increase of useful palatable grasses and forbs like Cynodon dactylon, Dichanthium annulatum, Cenchrus ciliaris, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Sporobolus diander, Alysicarpus monilifer, Merremiapinnata, Indigofera cordifolia, Indigofera linifolia, Euphorbia hirta, E. microphylla and E. thymifolia. The other species which also shown better response in shallow gully area comprise Acacia Senegal, Acacia leucophloea, Prosopis spicigera and parkinsonia. The promising species for west and northern ghat of Madhya Pradesh comprise Phyllanthus emblica, Salmalia malabarica and Tectona grandis. The eastern and southern part comprise Shorea robusta, Diospyros melanoxylon, Moms alba, Adina cordifolia, Anthocephalus cadamba, Syzygium comuni, Tamarindus indica, Buchanania lanzan, Cassia fistula, Madhuca indica & Ziziphusxylopyrus. Experimental study has been performed to evaluate the more potentialities for conservation of various natural resources. The maximum conservation values of species have been notice in Capparis aphylla, Salvadora oleoides and Saccharum munja. Dalbergia sissoo, Salvadora oleoides with planting of Dicanthium and Cynodon have 97.5% where as Eucalyptus hybrid and Eucalyptus camaldulensis shown only 42% of conservation value even then succession of other grasses and forbs under canopy was very poorly noticed. The crop fields with many dominant plants have maximum conservation value compared to that of fallow land. Other endemic species of region shown maximum conservation value by preferring most conservation value plants in-rich the habitat of region.