ijvp

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

0250-47580973-970X

Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists

ijvp-35-2-abs001

ABSTRACTS OF DISSERTATIONS OR ARTICLES

Toxicopathological studies on lambda cyhalothrin in rats

Sabaji

Mate Mangesh

¹Ghosh

R. C.

Dr.¹

¹Degree/Year: M.V.Sc./2007, Name of the University: Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, C.G.

1122011

352244244

2011

IndianJournals.com

Acute and subacute toxicity was induced experimentally in male albino rats by using a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide lambda cyhalothrin in 5 percent emulsifiable concentrate (EC),. In the acute toxicity study, approximate lethal dose of lambda cyhalothrin 5% EC was determined as 80 mg/kg body weight in male albino rats. Clinical signs observed in acute toxicity were profuse salivation, mild fur erection, exopthalmia, abnormal gait and posture, hyperasthesia, tremors and respiratory distress. Grossly, dark red appearance of lungs and slight enlargement of liver were noticed. Microscopically, degenerative and necrotic changes were seen in kidneys, brain and testes. Liver showed severe fatty changes. Haemorrhages and oedema were noticed in lungs and heart. Depletion of lymphocytes in white pulp in spleen was observed. Subacute toxicity study was carried out in 4 groups with 18 rats in each group. Rats of group I served as control and received distilled water only. The rats of group II, III and IV were administered lambda cyhalothrin orally @ 2.5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight respectively for 28 days. Dose dependent severity of symptoms characterized by choreoathetosis salivation syndrome was noticed in subacute toxicity. Rats of lambda cyhalothrin treated groups showed decrease body weight gain as compared to rats of control group. Haematological observations revealed decrease in total erythrocyte count and packed cell volume in rats of group IV as compared to rats of control group. Lambda cyhalothrin failed to affect haemoglobin concentration and total leukocyte count. Slightly decreased lymphocyte and increased neutrophil counts were seen in lambda cyhalothrin treated rats as compred to rats of control group. Biochemical study revealed increase in activity of plasma aminotransferases and plasma phosphatases and levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in rats of group IV as compared to rats of control group. Immunotoxicological investigation revealed depressed cell mediated immune response in lambda cyhalothrin intoxicated rats. Organ weight factor of liver and kidney was found to be increased in lambda cyhalothrin treated rats as compared to rats of control group. At necropsy, enlargement of liver and ecchymotic haemorrhages in lungs were observed in high dose group rats. Histopathological examination revealed severe fatty changes and necrosis in liver and haemorrhages and oedema in lungs. Spleen showed marked depletion of lymphocytes in white pulp. Degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in kidney, heart, brain and testes. Thus, toxicopathological studies on lambda cyhalothrin in rats revealed hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity and depressing effect on bone marrow and cell mediated immunity.