ijvp

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

0250-47580973-970X

Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists

ijvp-38-3-abs005

ABSTRACTS OF DISSERTATIONS OR ARTICLES

Studies on emamectin benzoate toxicity in Wistar rats

Kumar

Pramod

¹Ghosh

R.C.

Dr.¹

¹Degree/Year: M.V.Sc./2014 Name of the University: Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu University, C.G.

192014

383217217

2014

IndianJournals.com

The present study was designed to elucidate the pathomorphological, haematological and biochemical alteration as well as immunological effects induced by Emamectin Benzoate in Wistarrats. A total number of five rats were used for acute toxicity and a total number of forty eight rats were divided at random into four groups for subacute toxicity, having 12 rats each (6 males + 6 females). In subacute toxicity study, Emamectin Benzoate was administered orally @ 1 (Group II), 2 (Group III) and 4 (Group IV) mg/kg body weight for 28 days. Rats of group I served as normal control. The approximate lethal dose of Emamectin Benzoate in acute toxicity experiment was determined as 75 mg/kg body weight in wistar rats.Emamectin Benzoate intoxicated rats revealed depression, prostration, piloerection, dyspnoea, convulsions, tremors, coma and progressively death. Grossly, severe congestion in lungs with haemorrhages in most of the organs. Histopathologically varying degree of degenerative and necrotic changes was observed in liver, kidney, heart, brain and testis. Severe depletion of lymphocytes from the Malpighian corpuscles of spleen indicatesimmunosupresion by Emamectin Benzoate. The body weights were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in Emamectin Benzoate treated rats as compared to rats of control group. Subacute toxicity of Emamectin Benzoate caused significant (P < 0.05) increase in the OSI of spleen of rats of group II, III and IV as compared to rats of control group. There is non- significant decrease in OSI of testicles of Emamectin Benzoate treated groups as compared to rats of control group. The haematological examination revealed the mean values of TEC were nonsignificantly increased in the Emamectin Benzoate treated groups. The mean value of Hb, PCV, MCHC, MCV and MCH were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the rats of group II, III and IV. The mean TLC value was significantly decreased in the group IV. Furthermore lymphocyte (%) was significantly decreased in Emamectin Benzoate treated groups. Neutrophil (%) was significantly increased in Emamectin Benzoate treated groups. The Biochemical examinations revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) increase in mean ALT values and significant (P < 0.05) increase in mean AST values of group II, III and IV as compared to control. There was significant (P < 0.01) depression of CMI in rats of Emamectin Benzoate treated groups as measured by DNFB skin contact sensitization test. There were significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the epididymal sperm count and sperm motality (%) of rats of group II, III and IV. Dead sperm percentage and head and tail abnormality percentage were significantly (P < 0.01) increased in rats of Eamamectin Benzoate treated groups as compared to rats of control group. Postmortem examination at the end of sub-acute study showed congestion in liver and brain, paleness in kidney, ecchymosis in lung and enlargement of spleen of Emamectin Benzoate treated rats. Histopathological lesions revealed dose dependent congestion, haemorrhage and degenerative and necrotic changes in liver, kidney, heart and lungs.There was moderate to severe depletion of lymphocytes in the Malphigian corpuscles of spleen of Emamectin Benzoate treated rats. There was loss of various stages of spermatogonial cells in the semeniferous tubules of the Emamectin Benzoate treated rats.Thus from the present study it may be concluded that Emamectin Benzoate causes hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunosupression and alters testicular function leading to reproductive toxicity.