ijvp

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

0250-47580973-970X

Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists

ijvp-40-2-abs005

ABSTRACTS OF DISSERTATIONS OR ARTICLES

Clinico-pathological studies on Avianleukosis in chicken

Sagarika

Sneha

¹Das

Debiprasanna

Dr.¹

¹Degree/Year: M.V.Sc./2015 Name of the University: Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

162016

402204204

2016

IndianJournals.com

Avian Leukosis, commonly known as Avianleukosis complex (ALC) is a variety of neoplastic disease conditions in chickens such as lymphoid leukosis, myeloblastosis, erythroblastosis, osteopetrosis, fibrosarcomas and other tumours. In the present study, an attempt was made to diagnose Avianleukosis in naturally infected chickensin organized poultry farms by evaluating of clinico-pathological findingssuch as clinical signs, haematology, gross lesions, cytological and histopathological observationsin suspected neoplastic diseases. The birds of various age groups presented to the Department of Veterinary Pathology for necropsy examination, samples collected from various organized Government and private poultry farms suspected for Avian leukosisin and around Bhubaneswar were included in this study. 169 representative tissue samples from various organs with tumourous growth and nodules were collected from a total of 52 suspected cases to carry out gross, cytological and histopathological examinations and 15 blood samples were collected from suspected live birds for haematologicalanalysis. Based on gross, cytological and histopathological examinations, 65.38%, 38.46% and 28.84% of suspected cases could be diagnosed as Avianleukosis respectively. All the cases were found in egg type chickens of age group 18–30 weeks except one case which was found in meat type chicken. The incidence is more in female birds 43 (82.69%) than in male birds (09; 17.31%). Affected birds had decreased breeding potential, reduced growth rates, showed inappetence, depression and inactivity. There was highly significant increase (p<0.01) in TLC in affected cases.Necropsy examination revealed various sized gray to yellow obvious tumor-like nodular lesions were found on various visceral organs including liver, spleen, lungs, heart, kidney, ovaries, trachea, proventriculi and duodenum. The lesions were more pronounced in liver accompanied by nodular, miliary and diffuse type. The tumours were soft, smooth and glistening and the cut surface was greyish to creamy white with areas of necrosis. The cytological study of impression smears taken from affected tissues revealed uniform sized neoplastic lymphoid cells with thin rim of finely granular cytoplasm and a clear vesicular nucleus. Histopathologically, sections revealed extensive proliferation and infiltration of homogenouslym-phoblasts and lymphoid cells in various organs with marked degree of degenerative changes, congestion, haemorrhage, inflammation and necrosis. Cavernous haemangiomas were also recorded in liver and ovary sections. Lesions suggestive of Avianleukosis were all observed in layer birds. In only one meat type bird, there was a severe tumourous growth in the left leg region. There was infiltration of uniform lymphoblasts in the muscle with irregular bony trabeculae, osteoblasts and intermixed with fibrous tissue which was suggestive of osteofibroma.

The present study suggested that Avian leukosis is still prevalent in many organized poultry farms. Necropsy examination along with cytologiocal evaluation of tumourous lesions in various organs of suspected neoplastic cases was found to be an aid in diagnosing Avianleukosis which can give necessary preliminary information in the field condition. Histopathological examination is found to be one of the best and reliable methods for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Avianleukosis from other neoplastic diseases in poultry.

Veterinary Pathology Congress - 2016

XXXIII Annual Conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists & VII Annual Meeting of Indian College of Veterinary Pathologists and National Symposium on “Innovative Approaches for Diagnosis and Control of Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases of Livestock, Poultry and Fish” 9–11 November, 2016

Venue:

College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Durg — 491001, Chhattisgarh, India

Organising Secretary: Dr. R.C. Ghosh

Professor & Head

Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anjora, Durg — 491001, Chhattisgarh, India

Phone +91-9827151618, E-mail: rcghosh@rediffmail.com