ijvp

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

0250-47580973-970X

Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists

ijvp-42-4-abs002

ABSTRACTS OF DISSERTATIONS OR ARTICLES

Studies on cadmium induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats

Kour

Navdeep

¹Rahman

Shafiqur

Dr.¹

¹Degree/Year: M.V.Sc/2013 Name of the University: Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, J&K.

1122018

424316316

2018

IndianJournals.com

The present study was conducted to investigate neuropathology and pathomorphology in cadmium chloride toxicity in Wistar rats. Group I (control) rats were given normal water while group II, III and IV rats were given Cadmium chloride @ 100, 250 and 500 ppm in drinking water, respectively for a period of 12 weeks. Clinical signs were observed after 5 WPE, which included inappetence, dullness, weakness, depression, lethargy, decrease in feed intake and body weight, poor hair coat condition, loss of hair, change in behaviour, disinclination to move, increased thirst and dehydration, the severity of which was dose and duration dependent. In addition, group IV rats (500 ppm) also showed nervous disorders such as inco-ordination, torticollis, arched back and paralysis of hind legs from 9^th WPE. A mortality of 16.67% starting from 23^rd to 46^th DPE was observed in group III rats and 33.33% starting from 20^th to 68^th DPE was observed in group IV rats while no mortality was recorded in group I and II rats. All treatment group rats revealed significantly decrease feed consumption, body weight, body weight gain and increase in FCR with that of control group rats in dose and duration dependent manner. Significant haemato-biochemical observations included anaemia, leucopenia, lymphocytopenia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia with decrease A:G and Cholinesterase concentration and increased serum ALT, AST, ALP and serum creatinine levels. Significant increase in LPO and decrease in levels of SOD, CAT and GSH in brain indicated neuronal cell injury in CdCl2 toxicity due to free radical induced oxidative stress. Grossly, liver and kidneys were pale and enlarged, spleens and thymuses were atrophic and meningeal blood vessels were congested in brain of toxin administered rats. Relative weights of liver, kidneys, lungs, heart and brain were significantly increased whereas relative weights of spleen and thymus declined significantly in treatment group rats. Histo-pathologically, liver of all the treatment group rats showed vacuolar hepatocytic degeneration and necrosis, MNC‘s infiltration, binucleation, hyperplasia of bile duct and focal area of granuloma formation; degeneration and swelling of epithelial cells of PCTs obliterating lumen and presence of acellular protein casts in kidneys; thickening of interalveolar septa with MNC‘s, macrophage and fibrin infiltration along with presence of cellular debris in the lumen of bronchioles in lungs; degeneration of intermyocardialfibres with MNC‘s infiltration, engorgement of inter-myocardial blood vessel and thinning and irregular wavy myocardial fibres; depletion of lymphocytes with red pulp congestion, lymphocytolysis and hemosiderosis in spleen; engorgement of thymic blood vessel and multiple tiny spaces of lymphocytic depletion with presence of condensed nuclear fragments in thymus; engorgement of cerebral blood vessels with increased perivascular space and oedema, focal area of gliosis, shrunken deeply eosinophilic neuron with increased perineuronal space, dilated and engorged meningeal blood vessels in cerebrum; shrunken, deeply eosinophilic degenerated purkinje cells, loosening of interphase of granular and molecular layer and thinning of granular layer in cerebellum; engorgement of choroid plexus capillaries, dilated ventricles and engorgement of blood vessels in gray matter with oedema and increased perivascular space, shrunken, deeply eosinophilic degenerated motor neurons with increased perineuronal space and degeneration and desquamation of ependymal cells lining the central canal in spinal cord. It was concluded that Cadmium chloride had adverse effect on general performance, haemato-biochemical, oxidative stress and patho-morphological alteration in various visceral and lymphoid organs of rats.