Histopathological Studies on Horn and Ocular Carinoma in Bovines

An investigation was carried out on eighteen clinical cases of neoplasm in bovines suspected of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in Durg, Dhamtari and Rajnandgaon districts of Chhattisgarh. The pathomorphological features of neoplasms observed at horn and eye were recorded. Neoplasms observed at horn were named as SCC of horn and at eye as ocular squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Unilateral large cauliflower like growths at the base of the horn and in ocular neoplasms, medium, unilateral firm cauliflower like growth, congested and reddish protruded mass of tissue covering the whole cornea were observed. Large nodular, hemorrhagic growth on limbus and lower eyelid with verrucous surface was also observed. Twelve out of eighteen cases (66.66%) were confirmatory for squamous cell carcinoma on the basis of histopathological examination of hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. Histopathological findings were distinctive keratin pearls with concentric layers of keratinization observed in well differentiated SCC (n=5; 41.66%). Absence of epithelial pearls, although numerous mitotic figures with evidences of anaplasia and neovascularization were observed in poorly differentiated SCC (n=4; 33.33%), and moderate degree of keratinization at the center of neoplastic islets in moderately differentiated SCC (n=3; 25%). SCCs were classified as well, moderately and poorly differentiated types on the basis of histopathological scoring and grading.