Herbicides for broad-leaved weeds management in wheat

Field and pot studies were conducted to identify the effective broad-leaf herbicides for wheat crop. In field study, pre-mix combination (1:4 w/w) of metsulfuron-methyl + carfentrazone-ethyl (Ally-express 50 DF) 22.5 to 25 g/ha with 0.2% (v/v) non-ionic surfactant (NIS) was better than without NIS and sole application of metsulfuron (4 g/ha), carfentrazone (20 g/ha) and 2,4-D-amine (750 g/ha). Carfentrazone was poor in controlling Lathyrus aphaca (meadow peavine), whereas metsulfuron was ineffective against Malva parviflora (little mallow) and Solanum nigrum (black nightshade). Metsulfuron-methyl + carfentrazone-ethyl effectively controlled these weeds, leading to increased wheat yield than metsulfuron and carfentrazone. In pot studies, growth regulator herbicide, 2,4-D-E was ineffective against S. nigrum and Physalis minima (groundcherry) but controlled by another growth regulator herbicide, dicamba. Carfentrazone 20 g, isoproturon 1000 g, metribuzin 250 g, dicamba 360 g and topramezone 50 g/ha effectively controlled S. nigrum and P minima. Additional herbicides, effective against P minima were metsulfuron 4 g, mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron 12 + 2.4 g/ha, pyroxsulam 18 g and sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha. Auxin herbicide, halauxifen-methyl-ester in combination with florasulam 12.76 (6.51 + 6.25) g/ha was also poor against S. nigrum and P minima. Rumex dentatus control with 2,4-D (ester, amine and sodium) was poor, whereas, halauxifen + florasulam 12.76 g, metsulfuron 4 g and metsulfuron + carfentrazone 4 + 20 g/ha provided complete control.