Pre-and post-emergence herbicides for weed control in blackgram

Application of imazethapyr at all the rates of application (60, 75, 100 and 150 g/ha) significantly reduced the weed density and biomass as compared to quizalofop-ethyl followed by pendimethalin, alachlor and hand hoeing. Hand weeding superseded over all the treatments with the highest weed control efficiency of 96.5% followed by imazethapyr at 150 g/ha (71.9%), 100 g/ha (70.2%) and quizalofop-ethyl (70.3%). The post-emergence application of imazethapyr at 60, 75, 100 and 150 g/ha recorded significantly higher seed yield than pre emergence application of pendimethalin and alachlor and post emergence grass weed killer quizalofop-ethyl. The net monetary returns was maximum with hand weeding twice followed by imazethapyr at 150 g, 100 g and 75 g/ha. However, the benefit:cast ratio was the highest under imazethapyr at 75 g/ha followed by 100 g/ha