Efficacy of herbicides and their combinations in managing mixed weed flora effectively and economically in Rabi greengram

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur Andhra Pradesh India during Rabi 2023-24, to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides and their combinations and identify the suitable effective and economical pre-and post-emergence herbicides options in Rabi greengram, to manage mixed weed flora including certain weeds such as Chrozophora rottleri, Cardiospermum helicacabum and Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. which are not controlled by recommended herbicides. Significantly lower weed density and biomass with higher weed control efficiency (WCE), greengram yield components, seed yield and benefit-cost ratio were obtained with post-emergence (PoE) application of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl 222 g/ha and sodium-acifluorfen + clodinafop- propargyl 185 g/ha PoE. These treatments were effective in controlling mixed weed flora including broad-leaved weeds that were not controlled by imazethapyr.