Role of Waste Stabilisation Ponds in the Wastewater Management

Lagooning has been a very popular technique for the treatment of wastewater. Indeed, many of the sewage treatment plants in operation are waste stabilisation pond (WSP) systems. Though most of these WSPs serve small rural communities with variety of capacity, to treat wastewater which in turn depends on the availability of land area, water - tightening costs, risk offensive smells and stricter regulations as well as insufficient technological improvements have slowed down the development of this technique. Several solutions aiming at overcoming these constraints have been implemented when retrofitting and increasing the capacity of several plants and constructing new WSP systems. This review sketches out the technological developments expected to implement in a near future.