Bioconversion of Cellulose to Biofuels

Major focus of Biotechnology in the early 1980s was in understanding the Life Science. But to meet societal energy challenge, understanding the capabilities of Life Sciences is at different stage today. Increase in industrialisation and motorisation has led to steep rise of demand for petroleum-based fuels. The sources of these fossil fuels are becoming exhausted, and now it is time to think about an alternative source. In this context bioconversion of biomass into biofuels seems to be a promising, sustainable and an eco-friendly technology. Lot of research has been done to convert most abundant source of biomass, cellulose to produce biofuels. Strain improvement methods, recombinant DNA technologies and selection of strains by breeding method are some of the methods used for enhancing biofuels production at industrial-scale. This review mainly focuses on bioconversion of Lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels.