Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical and Sub-clinical Endometritis - A Clinical Study in 30 Cows

Clinical Endometritis (n=15) and Sub-clinical Endometritis (n=15) was diagnosed in cows based on flaky (60%) or cloudy (40%) cervico-vaginal mucus discharge during estrus and history of repeat breeding but a clear cervico-vaginal mucus at estrus respectively. Sub-clinical endometritis was further confirmed by sonographic appearance of uterine luminal fluid and increased endometrial thickness in 53.33% and 43.67% cows respectively. Cows with both types of endometritis were treated by intrauterine infusion of Moxifloxacin for a period of 3–5 days. Cows with a clear cervico-vaginal mucus discharge at subsequent estrus or cows with sonographic disappearance of uterine luminal fluid and/or decrease in endometrial thickness were inseminated with frozen semen in the estrus following treatment. A clear mucus discharge was visible in 73.33% of cows with clinical endometritis after treatment and 81.81% of these conceived. A high proportion of cows with sub-clinical endometritis (86.66%) regained normal sonographic findings subsequent to therapy and 92.30% of these conceived when inseminated. It was concluded that sub-clinical endometritis is a frequent cause of repeat breeding in cows and can be diagnosed by ultrasonographic appearance of uterine luminal fluid and/or increased endometrial thickness. Moxifloxacin is an effective fluroquinolone for treating Clinical and Sub-clinical Endometritis.