Cystotomy for Management of Cystolithiasis in a Bitch

A nine year old Labrador crossbred bitch was presented with history of hematuria and dysuria. The patient was mildly dehydrated and dull. Palpation of ventral abdomen elicited discomfort. Observation at micturition revealed that blood was voided at the end of micturition. Hematological examination revealed thrombocytopenia, normal TLC and hemoglobin. Biochemical parameters were within the normal range. Urinalysis revealed decreased specific gravity, proteinuria, full field of RBCs, 35–40/hpf of pus cells and triple phosphate crystals. Lateral radiographic abdominal views revealed presence of big sized bladder calculi. The calculi were removed by cystotomy and sent for analysis which revealed 90% Magnesium Ammonium phosphate hexahydrate and 10% Carbonate apatite. The bitch recovered fully with no reoccurrence in next six months.