Endoscopic Biometry of Upper Respiratory Tract in Bovine

Endoscopic biometry of upper respiratory tract was performed in standing bovines (n=9). Measurement of various parts of upper respiratory tract viz, naso-epiglottic, naso-tracheal, naso-apical bronchus and naso-carinal distance were taken using calibrated 2.6 m long, 1 cm diameter flexible endoscope. In addition, length of larynx and trachea was also calculated. Mean ± SE distance of nasoepiglottis and naso-tracheal distance was observed to be 49.16 ± 1.56 cm and 62.22 ± 0.88 cm, respectively. The mean ± SE distance at which apical bronchus and carina were located was 112.22 ± 3.73 cm and 126.11 ± 4.23, respectively. The mean ± SE of calculated length of larynx and trachea was 12.5 ± 1.18 cm and 50 ± 3.63 cm, respectively.