Surgical management of fetal dystocia in a jenny

A jenny was presented with straining since yesterday and difficulty in foaling. Fetal forelimbs were visible outside the vulva. Absence of pedal reflex confirmed fetal death. Per vaginal examination revealed complete cervical dilatation, dry and edematous foaling passage. The presentation was anterior and position dorso-sacral with right head lateral deviation. Manual retrieval of foal was not successful due to inadequate space in the birth canal hence it was decided to perform caesarean. Under local analgesia, caesarian section was performed and a dead male foal was delivered. Post-operative medication with regular wound dressing were undertaken and healthy recovery was observed.